Section 5. Route and NAVAID Description

2-5-1. AIR TRAFFIC SERVICE (ATS) ROUTES

Describe ATS routes as follows:

1. VOR/VORTAC/TACAN airways or jet routes. State the word “Victor” or the letter “J” followed by the number of the airway or route in group form.
2. VOR/VORTAC/TACAN alternate airways. State the word “Victor” followed by the number of the airway in group form and the alternate direction.
3. Colored/L/MF airways. State the color of the airway followed by the number in group form.
4. Named Routes. State the words “North American Route” or “Bahama Route” followed by the number of the route in group form.
5. Air Traffic Service (ATS) routes. State the letter(s) of the route phonetically, followed by the number of the route in group form.
6. Military Training Routes (MTRs). State the letters “I-R” or “V-R” followed by the number of the route in group form.
7. Published RNAV routes.
   1. High Altitude - State the letter “Q” followed by the route number in group form.
   2. Low Altitude - State the letter of the route phonetically, followed by the number of the route in group form.

2-5-2. NAVAID TERMS

1. Describe NAVAIDs as follows:
   1. State the name or phonetic alphabet equivalent (location identifier) of a NAVAID when using it in a routing.
   2. When utilized as the clearance limit, state the name of the NAVAID followed by the type of NAVAID if the type is known.
2. Describe radials, arcs, courses, bearings, and quadrants of NAVAIDs as follows:
   1. VOR/VORTAC/TACAN/GPS Waypoint. State the name of the NAVAID or GPS Waypoint followed by the separate digits of the radial/azimuth/bearing (omitting the word “degrees”) and the word “radial/azimuth/bearing.”
   2. Arcs about VOR‐DME/VORTAC/TACAN NAVAIDs. State the distance in miles from the NAVAID followed by the words “mile arc,” the direction from the NAVAID in terms of the eight principal points of the compass, the word “of,” and the name of the NAVAID.
   3. Quadrant within a radius of NAVAID. State direction from NAVAID in terms of the quadrant; i.e., NE, SE, SW, NW, followed by the distance in miles from the NAVAID.
   4. Nondirectional beacons. State the course to or the bearing from the radio beacon, omitting the word “degree,” followed by the words “course to” or “bearing from,” the name of the radio beacon, and the words “radio beacon.”
   5. MLS. State the azimuth to or azimuth from the MLS, omitting the word “degree” followed by the words “azimuth to” or “azimuth from,” the name of the MLS, and the term MLS.
   6. Navigation Reference System (NRS) Waypoint. State the single letter corresponding to the ICAO Flight Information Region (FIR) identifier, followed by the letter corresponding to the FIR subset (ARTCC area for the conterminous U.S.), the latitude increment in single digit or group form, and the longitude increment.

2-5-3. NAVAID FIXES

Describe fixes determined by reference to a radial/localizer/azimuth and distance from a VOR‐DME/VORTAC/TACAN/ILS‐DME as follows:

1. When a fix is not named, state the name of the NAVAID followed by a specified radial/localizer/azimuth, and state the distance in miles followed by the phrase “mile fix.”
2. When a fix is charted on a SID, STAR, en route chart, or approach plate, state the name of the fix.
3. Use specific terms to describe a fix. Do not use expressions such as “passing Victor Twelve” or “passing J Eleven.”