Application Process for Medical Certification

Exam Techniques and Criteria for Qualification: Items 31–34. Eye - Ophthalmoscopic examination

It is suggested that a routine be established for ophthalmoscopic examinations to aid in the conduct of a comprehensive eye assessment.

1. Cornea - observe for abrasions, calcium deposits, contact lenses, dystrophy, keratoconus, pterygium, scars, or ulceration.
2. Pupils and Iris - check for the presence of synechiae and uveitis. Size, shape, and reaction to light should be evaluated during the ophthalmoscopic examination. Observe for coloboma, reaction to light, or disparity in size.
3. Aqueous - hyphema or iridocyclitis.
4. Lens - observe for aphakia, discoloration, dislocation, cataract, or an implanted lens.
5. Vitreous - note discoloration, hyaloid artery, floaters, or strands.
6. Optic nerve - observe for atrophy, hemorrhage, cupping, or papilledema.
7. Retina and choroid - examine for evidence of coloboma, choroiditis, detachment of the retina, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis, retinitis pigmentosa, retinal tumor, macular or other degeneration, toxoplasmosis, etc.