- Klinect, J. (2005). Line Operations Safety Audit: A Cockpit Observation Methodology for Monitoring Commercial Airline Safety Performance. Unpublished Dissertation. The University of Texas at Austin. This dissertation presents a field observation method called Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA) to provide a proactive snapshot of system safety and flight crew performance. The LOSA methods presented can potentially be adapted to maintenance.
- Craig, H. (2006, November). Cathay Pacific LOSA. Paper presented at the 4th ICAO-IATA LOSA & TEM Conference, Toulouse, France. (MS PowerPoint)
- Croft, J. (2001). Research perfect new ways to monitor pilot performance. Aviation Week & Space Technology, 155, 76.
- FAA. (2006). Advisory Circular: Line Operations Safety Audits (AC No: 120-90): Federal Aviation Administration. This AC provides the rationale and procedure for conducting a Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA) at an airline.
- FSF. (2007). Ground Safety Prevention (GAP) Program.
- Graeber, R. C. (2006, November). The safety benefits of LOSA: A manufacturer's view. Paper presented at the 4th ICAO-IATA LOSA & TEM Conference, Toulouse, France. (MS PowerPoint)
- Helmreich, R. (2006, November). Beyond the cockpit: The spread of LOSA and Threat and Error Management. Paper presented at the 4th ICAO-IATA LOSA & TEM Conference, Toulouse, France. (MS PowerPoint)
- ICAO. (2002). Doc 9803 AN/761: Line Operations Safety Audit: International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). This AC provides the rational and procedure for conducting a Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA) at an airline.
- Klinect, J., Murray, P., Merritt, A., & Helmreich, R. (2003). Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA): Definition and operating characteristics. Paper presented at the 12th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, Dayton, OH. The purpose of this paper is to help clarify issues surrounding LOSA by providing a brief historical account and outlining the ten operating characteristics that define the LOSA process.
- Ma, J., Pedigo, M., Blackwell, L., Gildea, K., Holcomb, K., Hackworth, C., & Hiles, J.J., (2011). The Line Operations Safety Audit Program: Transitioning From Flight Operations to Maintenance and Ramp Operations, (Report No. DOT/FAA/AM-11/15). Washington, DC: FAA Office of Aerospace Medicine. This report provides a review of the use of LOSA, discusses LOSA’s essential operating characteristics, lessons learned on the flight deck, and describes the extension of LOSA to maintenance and ramp operations.
- Ma, M.J., & Rankin, W.L., (2012). Implementation Guideline for Maintenance Line Operations Safety Assessment (M-LOSA) and Ramp LOSA (R-LOSA) Programs, (Report No. DOT/FAA/AM-12/9). Washington, DC: FAA Office of Aerospace Medicine. This guideline is a general reference guide for preparing for and implementing a Maintenance Line Operations Safety Assessment (M-LOSA) program or Ramp LOSA (R-LOSA) program. The intended target audiences of this guideline are LOSA program managers and members of the implementation team.
- Macrae, C. (2009). Making risk visible: Identifying and interpreting threats to airline flight safety. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82, 273-293. This research investigated how new or previously unrecognized risks are identified in organizations by risk managers.
- Maurino, D. E. (2005, April). Threat and Error Management (TEM). Paper presented at the Canadian Aviation Safety Seminar (CASS), Vancouver, BC, Canada. The Threat and Error Management (TEM) model is a conceptual framework that assists in understanding, from an operational perspective, the inter-relationship between safety and human performance in dynamic and challenging operational contexts.
- McDonald, N., & Fuller, R. (Eds.). (1994). The Management of Safety on the Airport Ramp: Avebury Technical.
- Merritt, A. (2005, September). A glimpse at Archie: The LOSA archive. Paper presented at the 3rd ICAO-IATA LOSA & TEM Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Merritt, A., & Klinect, J. (2006). Defensive Flying for Pilots: An Introduction to Threat and Error Management. This paper provides an introductory orientation to TEM via a discussion of origins, definitions, and techniques.
- Orlady, H. W., Orlady, L. M., & Lauber, J. K. (1999). Human factors in multi-crew flight operations. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company. This paper discusses selected aviation human factors challenges in the air transport environment.
- Rankin, W., Hibit, R., Allen, J., & Sargent, R. (2000). Development and evaluation of the Maintenance Error Decision Aid (MEDA) process. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics(26), 261-276.
- Reason, J. (1997). Managing the risks of organizational accidents. Burlington, VT: Aldershot: Ashgate.
- Turner, B. (1994). Causes of disasters: Sloppy management. British Journal of Management, 5, 215-219.
- Werfelman, L. (2011). Moving to maintenance. Aerosafety World, October, 32-34. Article about how the principles of LOSA can be applied to maintenance and ramp operations.
- Werfelman, L. (2009). Ground check. Aerosafety World, June, 23-25. Article about the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Safety Audit for Ground Operations (ISAGO)
Last updated: Monday, June 12, 2023