As a pilot who flies internationally for a U.S. air carrier, am I subject to drug and alcohol testing when I fly outside of the United States?
Although you are not subject to your employer's FAA-mandated testing program (required under 14 CFR part 120), you and your entire flight crew may be subject to the testing laws and associated penalties in foreign countries that you fly in and out of. Some of these penalties may include monetary fines and/or imprisonment.

In addition, you remain subject to the Federal Aviation Administration's regulation under 14 CFR § 91.17. Under § 91.17, you may not act as a crewmember of a civil aircraft within 8 hours after the consumption of any alcoholic beverage, while under the influence of alcohol, while using any drug that affects your faculties in any way contrary to safety, or while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater in a blood or breath specimen. Violations of § 91.17 may result in the revocation of your FAA certificate.