United States Department of Transportation

Air Carrier Training Aviation Rulemaking Committee (ACT ARC)

ACT ARC Products

Recommendations	Summary
ACT ARC Recommendation 26-1 (PDF)	Creation of Guidance for Qualification of FSTDs Under Part 60 Deviation Authority or with Additional Capabilities
ACT ARC Recommendation 26-2 (PDF)	Creation of Guidance for the Approval of FSTDs and Other Training Devices for Use in Pilot Training

Recommendations	Summary
ACT ARC Recommendation 25-1 (PDF)	Enable the Use of the FSTD Capability Signature (FCS) Concept
ACT ARC Recommendation 25-2 (PDF)	Replace Part 60 Qualification Performance Standards (QPS) with Consensus Standards
ACT ARC Recommendation 25-3 (PDF)	Include Part 60 in the List of Regulations Superseded by Compliance with an AQP Under Subpart Y of Part 121
ACT ARC Recommendation 25-4 (PDF)	Review of FAA Regulations and Guidance Material on FSTD Qualification and Usage
ACT ARC Recommendation 25-5 (PDF)	Contracting of Check Pilot Services between Part 135 Certificate Holders
ACT ARC Recommendation 25-6 (PDF)	Part 142 Course Without Deviation
ACT ARC Recommendation 25-7 (PDF)	Line Check Pilots – Observer Seat

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
ACT ARC Recommendation 24-1 (PDF)	Pilot Training Pathway Enhancements
ACT ARC Recommendation 24-2 (PDF)	Stabilized Approach Policy
ACT ARC Recommendation 24-3 (PDF)	AC 120-123 Recommended Revisions for Part 135 Single-Pilot Operations.

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
ACT ARC Recommendation 23-1 (PDF)	Simulation Training Devices Suitable for Spatial Disorientation Training	The FAA published Information for Operators (InFO) 26003 on January 22, 2026, Spatial Disorientation (SD) Training for Pilots. This InFO serves to recommend SD training for Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) parts 91, 91 subpart K (91K), and 135 operations which recommends that operators and training providers incorporate SD theoretical and practical training into their operations to reduce the possibility of SD accidents in the future. SD training should emphasize avoidance of conditions where SD can occur, and recognition of onset and recovery from SD events. SD training should include the types of training, training methods, and special emphasis areas described in the InFO: types of trianing, training methods and special emphasis areas. The InFO also offers several resources that operators may find useful.	Closed
ACT ARC Recommendation 23-2 (PDF)	Part 135 Helicopter Operations Spatial Disorientation Training	The FAA published Information for Operators (InFO) 26003 on January 22, 2026, Spatial Disorientation (SD) Training for Pilots. This InFO serves to recommend SD training for Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) parts 91, 91 subpart K (91K), and 135 operations which recommends that operators and training providers incorporate SD theoretical and practical training into their operations to reduce the possibility of SD accidents in the future. SD training should emphasize avoidance of conditions where SD can occur, and recognition of onset and recovery from SD events. SD training should include the types of training, training methods, and special emphasis areas described in the InFO: types of trianing, training methods and special emphasis areas. The InFO also offers several resources that operators may find useful.	Closed

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
ACT ARC Recommendation 22-1 (PDF)	Effective Crew Member Communications with Respect to De-escalation	In response to this recommendation, in December 2021, the FAA published InFO 21006, Flight Attendant Communication Techniques and On-Board Procedures to De-escalate Cabin Misconduct. It provides resources in Appendix B: De-escalation Best Practices Guide, for air carriers to consider when developing or reviewing their communication techniques and onboard procedures to assist F/As to resolve cooperatively incidents of misconduct by using de-escalation techniques to alleviate threats to aviation safety.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 22-2 (PDF)	Use of Able-Bodied Passengers and Law Enforcement Officers in the Cabin	The FAA reviewed the DTE WG’s suggestion that air carriers should not train F/As to enlist able-bodied passengers (ABPs) and law enforcement officers (LEOs) in efforts to de-escalate misconduct in the cabin and does not concur with the recommendation. The term “able-bodied passengers” can mean different things, including those passengers who are trained and qualified F/As and/or pilots who are traveling as deadhead or non-revenue passengers or are traveling on their personal time and on a revenue ticket. An ABP could have the same knowledge and experience as the working F/A and/or pilot, or possibly even more, and could be a beneficial resource to use in the cabin during unruly passenger events. Further, the recommendation report presented no data that suggests the reason for this recommendation or that the enlistment of ABPs or LEOs to diffuse misconduct in the cabin results in a negative outcome. The FAA encourages air carriers to use all resources, including ABPs and LEOs when appropriate, to effectively manage unruly passenger events and to ensure safety of all passengers, crewmembers, and property in the NAS.	Closed

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-1 (PDF)	Extended Applicability of Related Aircraft Terminology and Operational Use Definitions	The FAA published AC-120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. FSB differences training recommendations have not been restricted to 14 CFR part 121. However, the AC clarifies the application of differences training recommendations to operational 14 CFR parts in addition to part 121. In addition, the AC defines an applicant as “any person who can provide the means to justify the request (e.g., an aircraft and/or device necessary to perform the test),” independent of the operating rules.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-2 (PDF)	Improvements to Structure & Format of AC 120-53, Change 1	The FAA updated the content, structure, and format of AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations (published 9/11/25), as recommended, to: align with the current FAA AC format which differentiates background information (e.g., purpose, audience, definitions, concepts) from process descriptions; include all responsibilities of the FSB stated in FAA Order 8110.4C - Type Certification; and clarify the audience of industry stakeholders that may have interest in and derive value from FSB recommendations.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-3 (PDF)	Additions and Clarifications to the Definitions Section of AC 120-53B, Change 1	The FAA added definitions, as recommended, to AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations (published 9/11/2025) to promote understanding among industry stakeholders. Definitions added to the AC include: applicant, differences tables (including master and operator), operational evaluation, operational suitability, related aircraft, special emphasis area, and same and common type ratings.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-4 (PDF)	Additions and Clarifications to the References Section of AC 120-53B, Change 1	The FAA expanded the list of references in AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations (published 9/11/2025) to include applicable Aircraft Certification Service (AIR) policy, such as FAA Orders 8110.4 and 8112.110, and all applicable Airmen Certification Standards (ACS).	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-5 (PDF)	Flight Standardization Board T-Tests	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. The revision adds content for type rating determination by analysis and changes evaluated through the analysis process; expands the use of full flight simulators (FFS) in FSB T-Tests; and clarifies the T-Test descriptions.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-6 (PDF)	Flight Standardization Board Test Subjects and Membership	Responsive to this ACT ARC recommendation, ACT ARC 20-8, and section 128 of the Aircraft Certification, Safety, and Accountability (ACSAA), the FAA incorporated language into AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations (published 9/11/25) and into FAA inspector guidance in FAA Order 8900.1 (published 7/5/24) that expands the use of air carrier pilots as test subjects for transport airplane projects and encourages the selection of pilots of varying levels of experience during FSB evaluation. Further, AC 120-53C adds broad test subject selection factors and the exclusion of pilots with potential test prejudice. The number and experience prerequisites of test subjects will be determined in conjunction with the applicant. The AC removes references to original equipment manufacturer (OEM) pilots as potential test pilot candidates.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-7 (PDF)	Flight Standardization Board Report Continuous Improvement	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025 which includes a feedback form for FSB reports. The FAA collaborates with its stakeholders internationally through the ANAC-EASA-FAA-TCCA International Operational Evaluation Practices Board (IOEPB) to improve its operational evaluation processes through mutual learning and exchanging and implementing best practices across multiple civil aviation authorities. In addition, the FAA has established Integrated Program Management (IPM), a uniform, collaborative approach between the Aircraft Certification Service (AIR) and Flight Standards (FS) for administering a type certification project throughout its lifecycle to realize safety and performance benefits. These ongoing processes provide a feedback loop to support continuous improvement.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-8 (PDF)	Flight Standardization Board Assessment of Pilot Intervention Requirements	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. The FAA added discussion of the evaluation of training related to pilot interventions in an operational context to address aircraft and system failure analysis during an FSB to AC 120-53C.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-9 (PDF)	FSB Evaluations for Related Aircraft and Same Type Rating	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. The AC addresses and adds emphasis to the analysis of changes in the number and magnitude of systems, procedures, and pilot interactions with aircraft flight controls for two aircraft can be reasonably designated to be the same type rating or designated as related aircraft.	Complete
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-10 (PDF)	Training Differences & Devices
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-11 (PDF)	eLearning Guidance and Systematic Design Methodologies
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-12 (PDF)	Standardizing Terms and Definitions	The FAA concurs with the portion of the recommendation “to [use] standardize[d] terms and definitions for de-escalation training practices and procedures in FAA guidance materials” and will use this as a guideline when reviewing guidance documents. We agree that standardized terminology is beneficial to readers because it provides uniformity to operations and procedures regardless of the crewmember, airplane, or situation. Regarding the portion of the recommendation that FAA “…standardize terms and definitions for de-escalation training practices and procedures in… air carrier manuals...” the FAA does not concur with this portion of the recommendation and informs the ACT ARC that FAA does not develop content for air carrier manuals.	Closed
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-13 (PDF)	Identification of Cabin Misconduct Triggers	The FAA concurs with the industry's need to continuously monitoring data streams such as the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) for current and relevant situations likely to become volatile or escalate, especially in the cabin. We encourage air carriers to monitor its data streams and use it to develop relevant training scenarios. Because each air carrier has a distinctive approach to commercial operations, the data collected is exclusive and unique to its operation. The quantifiable data should be available at each air carrier through, for instance, the Aviation Safety Action Program (ASAP), irregularity, and/or safety reports. It is incumbent upon each air carrier, therefore, to monitor and analyze its specific data collected through streams such as Safety Management System (SMS). If an air carrier trains under AQP, it requires the use of external data to validate the AQP training system.	Closed
ACT ARC Recommendation 21-14 (PDF)	Best Practices to De-escalate Cabin Misconduct	In response to this recommendation, in December, 2021, the FAA authored and published InFO 21006, Flight Attendant Communication Techniques and On-Board Procedures to De-escalate Cabin Misconduct. It provides resources in Appendix B: De-escalation Best Practices Guide, for air carriers to consider when developing or reviewing their communication techniques and onboard procedures to assist F/As to resolve cooperatively, incidents of misconduct by using de-escalation techniques to alleviate threats to aviation safety.	Complete

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
Recommendation 20-1 (PDF)	Managing Attention and Workload Related to Information Automation	FAA published Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123-Flightpath Management on November 21, 2022. It provides guidance and recommended practices to operators under 14 CFR parts 121, 135, and part 142 training centers, in developing operational policies, procedures, and training to support effective flightpath management (FPM). FPM is the planning, execution, and assurance of the guidance and control of aircraft trajectory and energy, in flight or on the ground and provides a unifying framework for operations and training to meet the regulatory requirements. Topics required for training and addressed in this AC include manual flight ops, managing automated systems, pilot monitoring, and energy management.	Complete
Recommendation 20-2 (PDF)	Flight Standardization Board Process Mapping	Recognizing the global environment for aircraft operations, the FAA collaborates with its stakeholders internationally through the ANAC-EASA-FAA-TCCA International Operational Evaluation Practices Board (IOEPB) to improve its operational evaluation processes through mutual learning and exchanging and implementing best practices across multiple civil aviation authorities. In addition, the FAA has established Integrated Program Management (IPM), a uniform, collaborative approach between the Aircraft Certification Service (AIR) and Flight Standards (FS) for administering a type certification project throughout its lifecycle to realize safety and performance benefits.	Complete
Recommendation 20-3 (PDF)	Enhanced FAA Oversight of Operational Evaluation	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. It expands opportunities for applicants to provide technical basis, justification, findings and rationale to FAA to facilitate concentrating FAA resources on safety critical items.	Complete
Recommendation 20-4 (PDF)	FAA Entry Point for Certification Applications with Operations Impacts	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. It adds information about supporting data for assessments for design application for a derivative aircraft with the same type certificate. The FAA has established Integrated Program Management (IPM), a uniform, collaborative approach between the Aircraft Certification Service (AIR) and Flight Standards (FS) Aircraft Evaluation Division (AED) for administering a type certification project throughout its lifecycle to realize safety and performance benefits. IPM instills predictability, transparency, and consistency of process and schedule to certification project management through IPM tools and best practices. The FAA engages its bilateral partners through the Certification Management Team (CMT) International Operational Evaluation Practices Board (IOEPB) with the goal of reducing duplication of efforts through bilateral agreements, best practices, and implementation procedures.	Complete
Recommendation 20-5 (PDF)	Standard Issue Papers	The FAA follows the guidance and procedures for the standardized usage of issue papers, including Operational (O) Issue Papers, in FAA Order 8110.112 - Standardized Procedures for Usage of Issue Papers and Development of Equivalent Levels of Safety Memorandums.	Complete
Recommendation 20-6 (PDF)	Operational Suitability Demonstration and Evaluation Activities	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. It adds emphasis to operational suitability for new or derivative aircraft and establishes flight criteria for FSB operational suitability assessments. It acknowledges the potential for and risks of performing FSB activities concurrently with certification flight testing. Integrated Program Management (IPM) between Flight Standards (FS) and the Aircraft Certification Service (AIR) further supports and promotes collaboration during aircraft certification and operational evaluation activities.	Complete
Recommendation 20-7 (PDF)	Acceptance of Proposed FSB Evaluation Plan	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. The AC includes a discussion of the scope and proposed elements of FSB activities that the applicant should include in their evaluation plan for FAA review and acceptance.	Complete
Recommendation 20-8 (PDF)	Pilot Qualifications for FSB Training Evaluations	In response to this recommendation and to section 128 of the Aircraft Certification, Safety, and Accountability (ACSAA), FAA incorporated language into AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations (published 9/11/2025) and FAA inspector guidance in FAA Order 8900.1, Volume 8, Chapter 2 (published 7/5/2024) that expands the use of air carrier pilots as test subjects for transport airplane projects and encourages the selection of pilots of varying levels of experience during FSB evaluation.	Complete
Recommendation 20-9 (PDF)	Timely Publication of Application of FSB Evaluation Results	The FAA published AC-120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. The AC expands the use of Full Flight Simulators (FFS) for FSB testing before their final FAA qualification provided that the device is representative of a production equivalent of the aircraft and accepted by the FAA. The AC also acknowledges the established best practice of including a representative from the Training and Simulation Group, as applicable, on the FSB to facilitate simulator approval. The FAA already has policy and practice for issuing temporary letters of authorization to participants in an FSB, and has consolidated the FSB Report review process so that internal and external coordination occurs simultaneously, expediting publication.	Complete
Recommendation 20-10 (PDF)	Operational Evaluation of Non-Installed Equipment
Recommendation 20-11 (PDF)	Terms and Definitions Related to eLearning
Recommendation 20-12 (PDF)	Outreach and Information Sharing

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
Recommendation 19-1 (PDF)	Revisions to the Flight Standardization Board Report Template	The FAA published AC 120-53C - Flight Standardization Board Evaluations on 9/11/2025. It recognizes and clarifies the scope and audience for FSB to include 14 CFR parts 91K, 135, and 142 in addition to part 121. FAA made updates to the FSB Report template corresponding to the AC.	Complete
Recommendation 19-2 (PDF)	Improving and Expanding Operational Suitability Evaluations under Existing Bilateral Aviation Safety Agreements (BASA)	The FAA engages its bilateral partners – Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil (ANAC) of Brazil, European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), and Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA) – through the ANAC-EASA-FAA-TCCA Certification Management Team (CMT) to harmonize to the extent possible through bilateral aviation safety agreements and implementation procedures. The ANAC-EASA-FAA-TCCA International Operational Evaluation Practices Board (IOEPB) addresses the training and operational aspects of aircraft certification which are within the scope of FSB activities. The IOEPB has established a best practices agreement among the CMT authorities for validating other authority operational evaluation data and findings in the context of post-type certificate changes or supplemental type certificates.	Complete
Recommendation 19-3 (PDF)	Training Information Automation Systems in the Operational Context	FAA published Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123-Flightpath Management on November 21, 2022. It provides guidance and recommended practices to operators under 14 CFR parts 121, 135, and part 142 training centers, in developing operational policies, procedures, and training to support effective flightpath management (FPM). FPM is the planning, execution, and assurance of the guidance and control of aircraft trajectory and energy, in flight or on the ground and provides a unifying framework for operations and training to meet the regulatory requirements. Topics required for training and addressed in this AC include manual flight ops, managing automated systems, pilot monitoring, and energy management.	Complete
Recommendation 19-4 (PDF)	Energy Management	FAA published Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123-Flightpath Management on November 21, 2022. It provides guidance and recommended practices to operators under 14 CFR parts 121, 135, and part 142 training centers, in developing operational policies, procedures, and training to support effective flightpath management (FPM). FPM is the planning, execution, and assurance of the guidance and control of aircraft trajectory and energy, in flight or on the ground and provides a unifying framework for operations and training to meet the regulatory requirements. Topics required for training and addressed in this AC include manual flight ops, managing automated systems, pilot monitoring, and energy management.	Complete

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
Recommendation 18-1 (PDF)	Reasonableness Checks of Information Automation Systems	FAA published Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123-Flightpath Management on November 21, 2022. It provides guidance and recommended practices to operators under 14 CFR parts 121, 135, and part 142 training centers, in developing operational policies, procedures, and training to support effective flightpath management (FPM). FPM is the planning, execution, and assurance of the guidance and control of aircraft trajectory and energy, in flight or on the ground and provides a unifying framework for operations and training to meet the regulatory requirements. Topics required for training and addressed in this AC include manual flight ops, managing automated systems, pilot monitoring, and energy management.	Complete
Recommendation 18-2 (PDF)	Harmonization of Category II/III Pilot Authorization Requirements
Recommendation 18-3 (PDF)	Harmonization of Guidance for Level C Differences
Recommendation 18-4 (PDF)	Continuous Improvement of Standardized Curricula
Recommendation 18-5 (PDF)	Guidance on Fighting High-Energy Fires	FAA published AC 120-80B, AC 120-80B, Firefighting of General and High-Energy In-Flight Fires on March 16, 2023.	Complete

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
Recommendation 17-1 (PDF)	Manual Recovery from Unintended Autoflight States	FAA published Safety Alert for Operators (SAFO) 17007, Manual Flight Operations Proficiency, May 4, 2017. Additionally - FAA published AC 120-123 Flightpath Management published November 11, 2022.	Complete
Recommendation 17-2 (PDF)	Guidance for Written Tests Conducted under Part 135 and Part 142
Recommendation 17-3 (PDF)	Guidance for 142 Instructor/Evaluator Training Requirements
Recommendation 17-4 (PDF)	Guidance for 142.53(b)(1) Deviation Requests
Recommendation 17-5 (PDF)	Guidance for Training Center Evaluator Observation Credit
Recommendation 17-6 (PDF)	Training Center Approval Process Efficiencies
Recommendation 17-7 (PDF)	Training Standardization Board Structure and Functionality	FAA published Advisory Circular 142-1, Standardized Curricula Delivered by Training Centers, on April 27, 2020. The Training Standardization Working Group was established under the Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee held its first meeting on December, 2020.	Complete
Recommendation 17-8 (PDF)	Management of Automated Systems	FAA published Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123-Flightpath Management on November 21, 2022. It provides guidance and recommended practices to operators under 14 CFR parts 121, 135, and part 142 training centers, in developing operational policies, procedures, and training to support effective flightpath management (FPM). FPM is the planning, execution, and assurance of the guidance and control of aircraft trajectory and energy, in flight or on the ground and provides a unifying framework for operations and training to meet the regulatory requirements. Topics required for training and addressed in this AC include manual flight ops, managing automated systems, pilot monitoring, and energy management.	Complete

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
Recommendation 16-1 (PDF)	Scenario-Enhanced Recurrent (SER) Training and Checking for 135 Operators
Recommendation 16-2 (PDF)	Facilitator Training to Deliver Cross-Functional CRM Training
Recommendation 16-3 (PDF)	Operational Mode Awareness	FAA published AC 120-123 Flightpath Management published November 11, 2022. Additionally, FAA published Advisory Circular 120-71B, Standard Operating Procedures and Pilot Monitoring Duties for Flight Deck Crewmembers, January 10, 2017.	Complete
Recommendation 16-4 (PDF)	Training Elements for Training the Pilot Monitoring (PM)	FAA published AC 120-123 Flightpath Management published November 11, 2022. Additionally - FAA published Advisory Circular 120-71B, Standard Operating Procedures and Pilot Monitoring Duties for Flight Deck Crewmembers, January 10, 2017. See Paragraph 6.7, Training for Pilot Monitoring. Additionally - FAA published SAFO 15011, Roles and Responsibilities for Pilot Flying and Pilot Monitoring November 17, 2015.	Complete
Recommendation 16-5 (PDF)	Guidance for 14 CFR 135.299 Line Checks
Recommendation 16-6 (PDF)	Delivery of Cross-Functional Crew Resource Management (CRM) Training
Recommendation 16-7 (PDF)	Petition ICAO to Review Aeronautical Experience Requirements for Airline Transport Pilot (ATP) Applicants
Recommendation 16-8 (PDF)	Enhanced Qualification Program (Alternate Pathway to R-ATP)
Recommendation 16-9 (PDF)	Manual Flight Operations	FAA published AC 120-123 Flightpath Management published November 11, 2022. Additionally - FAA published Safety Alert for Operators (SAFO) 17007, Manual Flight Operations Proficiency, May 4, 2017.	Complete
Recommendation 16-10 (PDF)	Flight Path Management Philosophy, Policy, and Procedures	FAA published AC 120-123 Flightpath Management published November 11, 2022. Additionally - FAA published Advisory Circular 120-71B, Standard Operating Procedures and Pilot Monitoring Duties for Flight Deck Crewmembers, January 10, 2017. See Paragraph 6.5, Operational Policies and Procedures.	Complete

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
Recommendation 15-1 (PDF)	Addressing Administrative Inefficiencies for 135 Operator Training Programs delivered by 142 Training Centers (Guidance)	FAA published Advisory Circular 142-1, Standardized Curricula Delivered by Training Centers, and inspector guidance on April 27, 2020. Additionally - The Master Schedule published February 1, 2023. The Instructor and Check Pilot Qualification Master Curriculum published February 6, 2023. The first aircraft specific curricula, G-V MMS published February 6, 2023.	Complete
Recommendation 15-2 (PDF)	Addressing Administrative Inefficiencies for 135 Operator Training Programs delivered by 142 Training Centers (Rulemaking)
Recommendation 15-3 (PDF)	Proposed Minimum Hours for Helicopter Air Ambulance (HAA) Operator Training Curriculums
Recommendation 15-4 (PDF)	Integration of Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) in Helicopter Air Ambulance (HAA) Operator Training Curriculums
Recommendation 15-5 (PDF)	Using Safety Management System (SMS) to Address Flight Path Management (FPM) Issues in 121 Air Carrier Training	FAA published Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123-Flightpath Management 11/21/22. It provides guidance and recommended practices to operators under 14 CFR parts 121 and 135, and part 142 training centers, in developing operational policies, procedures, and training to support effective flightpath management (FPM). FPM is the planning, execution, and assurance of the guidance and control of aircraft trajectory and energy, in flight or on the ground. FPM provides a unifying framework for operations and training to meet the regulatory requirements in part 121 and its appendices and part 135. Topics addressed in this AC include manual flight operations, managing automated systems, pilot monitoring, and energy management. These topics are required to be trained per the FAA requirements in part 121, §§ 121.419 through 121.427 and appendices E and F, and part 135.	Complete
Recommendation 15-6 (PDF)	Helicopter Air Ambulance (HAA) Operator Training Programs
Recommendation 15-7 (PDF)	Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) and Scenario Based Training for Helicopter Air Ambulance (HAA) Operations
Recommendation 15-8 (PDF)	Crew Resource Management (CRM) for Helicopter Air Ambulance (HAA) Operations	FAA incorporated CRM and Air Medical Resource Management (AMRM) information for air ambulance operators into 8900.1, Volume 3, Chapter 19, Section 15 per CHG 395A.	Complete
Recommendation 15-9 (PDF)	Aircraft-Specific Part 135 Standardized Curriculum Model	FAA published Advisory Circular 142-1, Standardized Curricula Delivered by Training Centers, and inspector guidance on April 27, 2020. Additionally - The Master Schedule published February 1, 2023. The Instructor and Check Pilot Qualification Master Curriculum published February 6, 2023. The first aircraft specific curricula, G-V MMS published February 6, 2023.	Complete
Recommendation 15-10 (PDF)	Guidance Material Addressing Intervention Strategies	FAA published AC 120-123 Flightpath Management published November 11, 2022. Additionally, FAA published Advisory Circular 120-71B, Standard Operating Procedures and Pilot Monitoring Duties for Flight Deck Crewmembers on January 10, 2017. (See Paragraph 6.6, Intervention Strategies.)	Complete
Recommendation 15-11 (PDF)	Auto Flight Mode Training	FAA published AC 120-123 Flightpath Management published November 11, 2022. Additionally, FAA published Advisory Circular 120-71B, Standard Operating Procedures and Pilot Monitoring Duties for Flight Deck Crewmembers on January 10, 2017. (See Paragraph 6.9, Autoflight Considerations.)	Complete

Recommendations	Summary	FAA Action	Status
Recommendation 14-1 (PDF)	Improving Guidance on Use of Windshear Models in Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD)	FAA published Information for Operators (InFO) 15004, Use of Windshear Models in FAA Qualified Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD), March 13, 2015.	Complete

Standardized Curriculum for Part 135 Training Provided by Training Centers

Last updated: Friday, May 15, 2026